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AGE
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DATE
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EVENT
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...
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1769
|
Aug 15.--Napoleon Bonaparte born at Ajaccio,
in Corsica. Fourth child of Charles Bonaparte and of Lititia, née
Ramolino. |
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1
|
1771
|
July 21.--Naponeon Bonaparte baptized in the Cathedral of
Ajaccio. |
|
9
|
1778
|
Dec 15.--Napoleon embarks for France with his father, his brother Joseph,
and his uncle Fesch. |
|
9
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1779
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Jan 1.--Napoleon enters the College of Autun with Joseph. |
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9
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1779
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Apr 25.--Napoleon enters the Royal Military School of Brienne-la-Château. |
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15
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1784
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Oct 23.--Napoleon enters the Royal Military School of Paris. |
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15
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1785
|
Feb 24.--Charles Bonaparte, father of Napoleon, dies from cancer in
the stomach, aged thirty-eight years. |
|
16
|
1785
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Sep 1.--Napoleon appointed Lieutenant en second in the Compagnie d'Autume
of Bombardiers of the 5th Brigade of the 1st Battalion of the (Artillery)
Regiment de la Fère, then quartered at Valence. |
|
16
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1785
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Oct 29.--Napoleon leaves the Military School of Paris. |
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16
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1785
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Nov 5 to Aug 11, 1786.--Napoleon at Valence with his regiment. |
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17
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1786
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Aug 15 to Sep 20, 1786.--Napoleon at Lyons with regiment. |
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17
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1786
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Oct 17 to Feb 1, 1787.--Napoleon at Douai with regiment. |
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17
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1787
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Feb 1 to Oct 14, 1787.--Napoleon on leave to Corsica. |
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18
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1787
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Oct 15 to Dec 24, 1787.--Napoleon quits Corsica, arrives in Paris,
obtains fresh leave, and |
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18
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1787
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Dec 25 to May 1788.--Napoleon proceeds to Corsica and returnes early
in May. |
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18-19
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1788
|
May to Apr 4, 1789.--Napoleon at Auxonne with regiment. |
|
19
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1789
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Apr 5 to Apr 30.--Napoleon at Seurre in command of a detachment. |
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19-20
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1789
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May 1 to Sep 15, 1789.--Napoleon at Auxonne with regiment. |
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20-21
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1789
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Sep 16 to Jun 1, 1791.--Napoleon proceeds to Corsica; engages in revolutionary
movements; returns on 13th February 1791, having overstayed leave from
15th October 1790; absence excused on account of contrary winds. |
|
21-22
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1791
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Jun 2 to Aug 29, 1791.--Napoleon joins the 4th Regiment of Artillery
at Valence as Lieutenant en premier. |
|
22
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1791
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Aug 30.--Napoleon starts for Corsica on leave for three months; elected
in April 1792 as second Lieutenant-Colonel of 2d Battalion of Corsican
Volunteers; engages in fresh revolutionary attempts; quits Corsica, 2d
May 1792; for France, where he has been dismissed for absence without leave. |
|
22
|
1791
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Dec 12.--Marie Louise, daughter of Emperor Francis, born. |
|
22
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1792
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Jun 20.--Attack of mob on Tuileries; King wears cap of liberty; Napoleon
looking on. |
|
22
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1792
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Aug 10.--Sack of Tuileries; slaughter of Swiss Guard; King suspended
from his functions. |
|
23
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1792
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Aug 30.--Napoleon reinstated; explaining his absence as serving with
volunteers, and is promoted as Captain of 4th Class, with ante-date of
6th February 1792. |
|
23
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1792
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Sep 14 to Jun 11, 1793.--Napoleon in Corsica engaged in revolutionary
attempts, till, having declared against Paoli, he and his family have to
quit Corsica. Meanwhile France declared a Republic, 21st September 1792;
Louis XVI. guillotined 21st january 1793. |
|
23
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1793
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Jun 13 to Jul 14, 1793.--Napoleon with his company at Nice. |
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23-24
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1793
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Jul 14 to Oct 9, 1793.--Napoleon with Army of Carteaux in the south,
acting against Marseilles and Toulon. |
|
24
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1793
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Oct 9 to Dec 19.--Napoleon placed in command of part of artillery of
army of Carteaux before Toulon; made Chef de Bataillon (Major), 19th October;
Toulon taken, 19th December. |
|
24
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1793
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Dec 22.--Napoleon nominated provisionally General of Brigade; approved
later; receives commission, 16th February 1794. |
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24
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1793
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Dec 26 to Apr 1, 1794.--Napoleon appointed Inspector of the coast from
the Rhone to the Var, and on inspection duty. |
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24
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1794
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Apr 1 to Aug 5, 1794.--Napoleon with army of Italy under Dumerbion;
preparing plans, etc., with the younger Robespierre, etc.; at Genoa, 15th-21st
July. |
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24-25
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1794
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Aug 6 to Aug 20, 1794.--Napoleon in arrest after fall of Robespierre
on suspicion of treachery. |
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25
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1795
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Sep 14 to Mar 29, 1795.--Napoleon commanding artillery of an intended
maritime expedition to Corsica. |
|
25
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1795
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Mar 27 to May 10.--Napoleon ordered from the south to join the army
in La Vendée to command its artillery; arrives in Paris, 10th May. |
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25-26
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1795
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Jun 13.--Napoleon ordered to join Hoche's army at Brest, to command
a brigade of infantry; remains in Paris; 21st August, attached to Comité
de Salut Public as one of four advisers; 15th September, struck off list
of employed generals for disobedience of orders in not proceeding to the
west. |
|
26
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1795
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Oct 5, 13th Vendémiaire (Jour des Sections).--Napoleon defends
the Convention from the revolt of the Sections, and fires on the people,
as second in command under Barras. |
|
26
|
1795
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Oct 16.--Napoleon appointed provisionally General of Division. |
|
26
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1795
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Oct 20.--Napoleon appointed General of Division and Commander of the
Army of the Interior (i.e., of Paris). |
|
26
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1796
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Mar 2.--Napoleon appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Italy;
9th March, marries Josephine Tascher de la Pagerie, Vicomtesse de Beauharnais,
widow of General Vicomte Alexandre de Beauharnais, and leaves Paris for
Italy on 11th March. |
|
26
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1796
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Apr and May--First Italian campaign of Napoleon against Austrians under
Beaulieu, and Sardinians under Colli. Battle of Montenotte, 12th April;
Millesimo, 13th April; Dego, 14th and 15th April; Mondovi, 21st April;
Armistice of Cherasco with Sardinians, 28th April; Battle of Lodi, 9th
May; Austrians beaten out of Lombardy and Mantua besieged. |
|
26
|
1796
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Jul and Aug--First attempt of Austrians to relieve Mantua; battle of
Lonato, 31st July; Lonato and Castiglione, 3d August; and, again, Castiglione,
5th and 6th August; Wurmser beaten off, and Mantua again invested. |
|
27
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1796
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Sep--Second attempt of Austrians to relieve Mantua; battles of Calliano,
4th September; Primolano, 7th September; Bassano, 8th September; St. Georges,
15th September; Wurmser driven into Mantua and invested there. Meanwhile
Jourdan has been forced back across the Rhine by the Archduke Charles on
21st September; Moreau, after two celebrated retreats, recrosses the Rhine,
25th October. |
|
27
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1796
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Nov--Third attempt of Austrians to relieve Mantua; battles of Caldiero,
11th November, and Arcola, 15th, 16th, and 17th November; Alvinzi driven
off. |
|
27
|
1797
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Jan--Fourth attempt to relieve Mantua; battles of Rivoli, 14th January,
and Favorita, 16th January; Alvinzi again driven off. |
|
27
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1797
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Feb 2.--Wurmser surrenders Mantua with 18,000 men. |
|
27
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1797
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Mar 10.--Napoleon commences his advance on the Archduke Charles; beats
him at the Tagliamento, 16th March; 7th April, armistice of Judenbourg;
18th April, Provisional Treaty of Leoben with Austria, who cedes the Netherlands,
and is to get the Venetian territory on the mainland; Hoche advances, crosses
the Rhine same day, and Moreau on 20th April; till stopped by news of peace. |
|
28
|
1797 |
Sep 4.--Coup d'état of the 18th Fructidor; majority of
Directors, supported by the Jacobins and by Napoleon, put down Royalist
movement and banish many deputies to Cayenne. |
|
28
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1797
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Oct 17.--Treaty of Campo-Formio between France and Austria to replace
that of Leoben; Venice partitioned, and itself now falls to Austria. |
|
28
|
1798
|
Jan 19.--Congress of Rastadt formally opens, continues till 28th April
1799. |
|
28
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1798
|
--Egyptian expedition. Napoleon sails from Toulon, 19th May; takes
Malta, 12th June; lands near Alexandria, 1st July; Alexandria taken, 2d
July; battle of the Chebreisse, 13th July; battle of the Pyramids, 21st
July; Cairo entered, 23d July. |
|
28
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1798
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Aug 1.--Battle of the Nile. |
|
29
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1799
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Mar 3.--Napoleon starts for Syria; 7th March, takes Jaffa; 18th March,
invests St. Jean d'Acre; 16th April, Battle of Mount Tabor; 22d May, siege
of Acre raised; Napoleon reaches Cairo, 14th June. |
|
29
|
1799
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Jul 25.--Battle of Aboukir; Turks defeated. Meanwhile the Austrians
and Russians have driven the French out of Italy, Macdonald being beaten
by Suwarrow on the Trebbia, 18th to 20th June, and Hoche being defeated
and killed at Novi, 15th August; French in same position as when Napoleon
took command in 1796. |
|
30
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1799
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Aug (22d August, Thiers; 24th August, Bourrienne; 10th September, Marmont).--Napoleon
sails from Egypt; lands at Frejus, 6th October. Meanwhile Masséna
beats the Russians and Austrians, 25th and 26th September, at Zurich; Suwarrow
forces his way over the Alps, but withdraws his army in disgust with the
Austrians in October. |
|
30
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1799
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Oct 9 and 10, 18th and 19th Brumaire.--Napoleon seizes power. Provisionary
Consulate formed--Napoleon, Siéyès, and Roger Ducos. |
|
30
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1799
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Dec 25.--Napoleon, First Consul; Cambacérès, Second Consul;
Lebrun, Third Consul. |
|
30
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1800
|
Apr 25.--Moreau commences his advance into Germany, and forces Austrians
back on Ulm. |
|
30
|
1800
|
May and June.--Marengo campaign. 14th May, Napoleon commences passage
of St. Bernard; 2d June, enters Milan; 4th June, Masséna surrenders
Genoa to Austrians; 9th June, Lannes gains battle of Montebello; 14th June,
battle of Marengo; Desaix killed (Kléber assassinated in Egypt same
day); armistice signed by Napoleon with Melas, 15th June; Genoa and Italian
fortresses surrendered to French; Moreau concludes armistice, 15th July,
having reached middle of Bavaria. |
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31
|
1800
|
Nov 28.--Rupture of Armistice with Austria; 3d December, Moreau gains
battle of Hohenlinden. |
|
31
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1800
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Dec 24. (3d Nivôse).--Affair of the Rue St. Nicaise; attempt
to assassinate Napoleon by infernal machine. |
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31
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1801
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Feb 9.--Treaty of Luneville between France and Germany; Venice partitioned;
left bank of Rhine and the Austrian Netherlands secured to France. |
|
31
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1801
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Jul 15.--Concordat with Rome; Roman Catholic religion restored
in France. |
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32
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1801
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Oct 1.--Preliminaries of peace between France and England
signed at London. |
|
32
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1802
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Jan 26.--Napoleon Vice-President of Italian Republic. |
|
32
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1802
|
Mar 27.--Treaty of Amiens; England restores all conquests except Ceylon
and Trinidad; French to evacuate Naples and Rome; Malta to be restored
to Knights [of St. John]. |
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32
|
1802
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May 19.--Legion of Honour instituted; carried out 14th July
1814. |
|
32
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1802
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Aug 4.--Napoleon First Consul for life. |
|
33
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1803
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Feb 25.--Recess (or Reichs Deputation) of the German Empire; mediatisation
of the smaller and of the ecclesiastical State of Germany. |
|
33
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1803
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Mar 5.--Civil Code (later, Code Napoléon) decreed. |
|
33
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1803
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May.--War between France and England. |
|
34
|
1804
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Mar 21.--Duc d'Enghien shot at Vincennes. |
|
34
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1804
|
May 18.--Napoleon, Empereur des Francais; crowned 2d December. |
|
36
|
1805
|
--Ulm campaign; 25th September, Napoleon crosses the Rhine; 14th October,
battle of Elchingen; 20th October, Mack surrenders Ulm. |
|
36
|
1805
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Oct 21.--Battle of Trafalgar. |
|
36
|
1805
|
Dec 2.--Russians and Austrians defeated at Austerlitz. |
|
36
|
1805
|
Dec 26.--Treaty of Presburg; Austria cedes her share of Venetian lands
to Kingdom of Italy, and the Tyrol to Bavaria, which, with Würtemberg,
is recognized as a Kingdom. |
|
36
|
1806
|
Feb 15.--Joseph Bonaparte enters Naples as King. |
|
36
|
1806
|
June 5.--Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland. |
|
36
|
1806
|
Jul 1.--Confederation of the Rhine formed; Napoleon protector; German
Empire dissolved 6th August; Francis I. takes title of Francis II. of Austria. |
|
37
|
1806
|
--Jena campaign with Prussia. Battle of Saalfeld, 10th October; battles
of Jena and of Auerstadt, 14th October; Berlin occupied, 25th October. |
|
37
|
1806
|
Nov 21.--Berlin decrees issued. |
|
37
|
1807
|
Feb 8.--Battle of Eylau with Russians, indecisive; 14th June, battle
of Friedland, decisive. |
|
37
|
1807
|
Jul 7.--Treaty of Tilsit. Prussia partitioned; Polish provinces forming
Duchy of Warsaw under Saxony; provinces on left of Elbe, with Hesse Cassel,
made into Kingdom of Westphalia for Jerôme Bonaparte. |
|
37
|
1807
|
Aug and Sep--English expedition against Copenhagen. |
|
38
|
1807
|
Oct 27.--Secret treaty of Fontainbleau between France and Spain for
the partition of Portugal; Junot enters Lisbon, 30th November; Royal Family
withdraw to Brazil. |
|
38
|
1808
|
Mar.--French, under Murat, gradually occupy Spain under pretense of
march on Portugal; 2d May, insurrection at Madrid; 9th May, treaty of Bayonne;
Charles IV. Of Spain cedes throne; Joseph Bonaparte transferred from Naples
to Spain; replaced at Naples by Murat. |
|
38
|
1808
|
Jul 22.--Dupont surrenders to Spaniards at Baylen; this leads to evacuation
of Madrid by French. |
|
39
|
1808
|
Aug 17.--Wellesley defeats Laborde at Rolica, and Junot on 21st at
Vimiera; 30th August, Convention of Cintra for evacuation of Portugal by
Junot. |
|
39
|
1808
|
Sep 27 to Oct 14.--Conferences at Erfurt between Napoleon, Alexander,
and German Sovereigns. |
|
39
|
1808
|
Nov and Dec.--Napoleon beats the Spanish armies; enters Madrid; marches
against Moore, but suddenly returns to France to prepare for Austrian campaign. |
|
39
|
1809
|
Jan 16.--Battle of Corunna. |
|
40
|
1809
|
--Campaign of Wagram. Austrians advance, 10 April; battle of Abensberg
20th April; Echmuhl 22 April; Napoleon occupies Vienna, 13th May; beaten
back at Essling, 22d May; finally crosses Danube, 4th July, and defeats
Austrians at Wagram, 6th July; Armistice of Znaim, 12th July. |
|
40
|
1809
|
Oct 14.--Treaty of Schœnbrunn or of Vienna; Austria cedes Istria, Carinthia,
etc., to France, and Salzburg to Bavaria. |
|
40
|
1809
|
Dec 15-16.--Josephine Divorced. |
|
40
|
1810
|
Apr 1 and 2.--Marriage of Napoleon, aged 40, with Marie Louise, aged
18 and 3/12. |
|
40
|
1810
|
Jul 3.--Louis Bonaparte abdicates crown of Holland, which is annexed
to French Empire on 9 July. |
|
41
|
1810
|
Dec 13.--Hanseatic towns and all northern cost of Germany annexed to
French Empire. |
|
41
|
.1811.
|
Mar 20.--The King of Rome, son of Napoleon, born. |
|
42-43
|
1812
|
Jun 23.--War with Russia; Napoleon crosses the Niemen; 7th September,
battle of Moskwa or Borodino; Napoleon enters Moscow, 14th September; commences
his retreat, 19th October. |
|
43
|
1812
|
Oct 22-23.--Conspiration of General Malet at Paris. |
|
43
|
1812
|
Nov 26-28.--Passage of the Beresina; 5th December, Napoleon leaves
his army; arrives at Paris, 18th December. |
|
43-44
|
1813
|
--Leipsic campaign. 2d May, Napoleon defeats Russians and Prussians
at Lutzen; and again on 20-21st May at Bautzen; (21st June, battle of Vittoria,
Joseph decisively defeated by Wellington); 26th June, interview of Napoleon
and Metternich at Dresden; 10th August, midnight, Austria joins the allies;
26- 27th August, Napoleon defeats allies at Dresden, but Vandamme is routed
at Kulm on 30th August, and on 16th-19th October, Napoleon is beaten at
Leipsic; 30th October, Napoleon sweeps Bavarians from his path at Hanau. |
|
44
|
1814
|
--Allies advance into France; 29th January, battle of Brienne; 1st
February, battle of La Rothière. |
|
44
|
1814
|
Feb 5 to Mar 18.--Conferences of Chatillon (sur Seine). |
|
44
|
1814
|
Feb 11.--Battle of Montmirail; 14th February, of Vauchamps; 18th February,
of Montereau. |
|
44
|
1814
|
Feb 23-24.--Wellington crosses the Abour, and beats Soult at Orthes
on 27th February. |
|
44
|
1814
|
Mar 7.--Battle of Craon; 9th-10th March, Laon; 20th March, Arcis sur
l'Aube. |
|
44
|
1814
|
Mar 21.--Napoleon commences his march to throw himself on the communications
of the allies; 25th March, allies commence their march on Paris; Battle
of LaFère Champenoise, Marmont and Mortier beaten; 28th March, Napoleon
turns back at St. Dizier to follow allies; 29th March, Empress and Court
leave Paris. |
|
44
|
1814
|
Mar 30.--First Treaty of Paris; France restricted to limits of 1792,
with some slight additions, part of Savoy, etc. |
|
45
|
1814
|
Apr 2.--Senate declare the dethronement of Napoleon, who abdicates,
conditionally, on 4th April in favour of his son, and unconditionally on
6th April; Marmont's corps marches into the enemy's lines on 5th April;
on 11th April Napoleon signs the treaty giving him Elba for life; 20th
April, Napoleon takes leave of the Guard at Fontainebleau; 3d May, Louis
XVIII. Enters Paris; 4th May, Napoleon lands at Elba. |
|
45
|
1814
|
Oct 3.--Congress of Vienna meets for settlement of Europe; actually
opens 3d November. |
|
45
|
1815
|
Feb 26.--Napoleon quits Elba; lands near Cannes, 1st March; 19th March,
Louis XVIII. leaves Paris about midnight; 20th March, Napoleon enters Paris. |
|
45
|
1815
|
16th Jun.--Battle of Ligny and Quatre Bras; 18th June, Battle
of Waterloo. |
|
45-46
|
1815
|
Jun 29.--Napoleon leaves Malmaison for Rochefort; surrenders to English,
15th July; sails for St. Helena, 8th August; arrives at St. Helena, 15th
October. |
|
46
|
1815
|
Nov 20.--Second Treaty of Paris; France restricted to limits of 1790;
losing Savoy, etc., pays an indemnity, and receives an army of occupation. |
|
51 yrs. 8 mos.
|
1821
|
May 5.--Napoleon dies 5.45 P.M.; buried 8th May. |
|
---
|
1840
|
Oct 15.--Body of Napoleon disentombed; embarked in the Belle Poule,
commanded by the Prince de Joinville, son of Louis Philippe, on 16th October;
placed in the Invalides, 15th December 1840. |