BATTLE OF WATERLOO,
18th June, 1815.
WHEN I awoke this morning at daylight I found myself drenched with rain.
I had slept so long and so soundly that I had at first but a very confused
notion of my situation; but having a bright idea that my horse had been
my companion when I went to sleep, I was rather startled at finding that
I was now alone; nor could I rub my eyes clear enough to procure a sight
of him, which was vexatious enough; for, independent of his value as a
horse, his services were indispensable, and an adjutant might as well think
of going into action without his arms as without such a supporter. But
whatever my feelings might have been towards him, it was evident that he
had none for me, from having drawn his sword and marched off. The chances
of finding him again amid ten thousand others were about equal to the odds
against the needle in a bundle of hay; but for once the single chance was
gained, as, after a diligent search of an hour, he was discovered between
two artillery horses about half a mile from where he broke loose.
The weather cleared up as the morning advanced;
and, though everything remained quiet at the moment, we were confident
that the day would not pass off without an engagement, and therefore proceeded
to put our arms in order, as, also, to get ourselves dried and made as
comfortable as circumstances would permit.
We made a fire against the wall of Sir Andrew Barnard's
cottage and boiled a huge campkettle full of tea, mixed up with a suitable
quantity of milk and sugar, for breakfast; and as it stood on the edge
of the high road where all the big-wigs of the army had occasion to pass
in the early part of the morning, I believe almost every one of them, from
the Duke downwards, claimed a cupful.
About nine o'clock we received an order to retain
a quantity of spare ammunition in some secure place, and to send everything
in the shape of baggage and baggage-animals to the rear. It therefore became
evident that the Duke meant to give battle in his present position; and
it was, at the same time, generally understood that a corps of thirty thousand
Prussians were moving to our support.
About ten o'clock an unusual bustle was observable
among the staff-officers, and we soon after received an order to stand
to our arms. The troops who had been stationed in our front during the
night were then moved off to the right, and our division took up its fighting
position.
Our battalion stood on what was considered the left
centre of the position. We had our right resting on the Namur road, about
a hundred yards in rear of the farmhouse of La Haye Sainte, and our left
extending behind a broken hedge which ran along the ridge to the left.
Immediately in our front, and divided from La Haye Sainte only by the great
road, stood a small knoll with a sand-hole in its farthest side, which
we occupied as an advanced post with three companies. The remainder of
the division was formed in two lines; the first, consisting chiefly of
light troops, behind the hedge, in continuation from the left of our battalion
reserve; and the second about a hundred yards in its rear. The guns were
placed in the intervals between the brigades, two pieces were in the road
way on our right and a rocket-brigade in the centre.
The road had been cut through the rising ground
and was about twenty or thirty feet deep where our right rested, and which,
in a manner, separated us from all the troops beyond. The division, I believe,
under General Alten occupied the ground next to us on the right. He had
a light battalion of the German legion posted inside of La Haye Sainte,
and the household brigade of cavalry stood under cover of the rising ground
behind him. On our left there were some Hanoverians and Belgians, together
with a brigade of British heavy dragoons, the Royals and Scotch Greys.
These were all the observations on the disposition
of our army that my situation enabled me to make. The whole position seemed
to be a gently rising ground, presenting no obstacle at any point excepting
the broken hedge in front of our division, and it was only one in appearance,
as it could be passed in every part.
Shortly after we had taken up our ground some columns
from the enemy's left were seen in motion towards Hugamont, and were soon
warmly engaged with the right of our army. A cannon ball, too, came from
the Lord knows where, for it was not fired at us and took the head off
our right hand man. That part of their position in our own immediate front
next claimed our undivided attention. It had hitherto been looking suspiciously
innocent, with scarcely a human being upon it; but innumerable black specks
were now seen taking post at regular distances in its front, and recognizing
them as so many pieces of artillery, I knew from experience, although nothing
else was yet visible, that they were unerring symptoms of our not being
destined to be idle spectators.
From the moment we took possession of the knoll
we had busied ourselves in collecting branches of trees and other things
for the purpose of making an abatis to block up the road between
that and the farmhouse, and soon completed one which we thought looked
sufficiently formidable to keep out the whole of the French cavalry; but
it was put to the proof sooner than we expected by a troop of our own light
dragoons, who, having occasion to gallop through, astonished us not a little
by clearing away every stick of it. We had just time to replace the scattered
branches when the whole of the enemy's artillery opened and their countless
columns began to advance under cover of it.
The scene at that moment was grand and imposing,
and we had a few minutes to spare for observation. The column destined
as our particular friends first attracted our notice, and seemed to consist
of about ten thousand infantry. A smaller body of infantry and one of cavalry
moved on their right, and on their left another huge column of infantry
and a formidable body of cuirassiers, while beyond them it seemed one moving
mass.
We saw Buonaparte himself take post on the side
of the road immediately in our front, surrounded by a numerous staff; and
each regiment, as they passed him, rent the air with shouts of "vive
l'Empereur"; nor did they cease after they had passed, but, backed
by the thunder of their artillery, and carrying with them the rubidub
of drums and the tantarara of trumpets, in addition to their increasing
shouts, it looked at first as if they had some hopes of scaring us off
the ground; for it was a singular contrast to the stern silence reigning
on our side, where nothing as yet but the voices of our great guns told
that we had mouths to open when we chose to use them. Our rifles were,
however, in a very few seconds required to play their parts and opened
such a fire on the advancing skirmishers as quickly brought them to a standstill;
but their columns advanced steadily through them, although our incessant
tiralade was telling in their centre with fearful exactness, and our
post was quickly turned in both flanks, which compelled us to fall back
and join our comrades behind the hedge, though not before some of our officers
and theirs had been engaged in personal combat.
When the heads of their columns shewed over the
knoll which we had just quitted they received such a fire from our first
line that they wavered and hung behind it a little; but, cheered and encouraged
by the gallantry of their officers, who were dancing and flourishing their
swords in front, they at last boldly advanced to the opposite side of our
hedge and began to deploy. Our first line in the mean time was getting
so thinned that Picton found it necessary to bring up his second, but fell
in the act of doing it. The command of the division, at that critical moment,
devolved upon Sir James Kempt, who was galloping along the line animating
the men to steadiness. He called to me by name, where I happened to be
standing on the right of our battalion, and desired "that I would never
quit that spot." I told him that "he might depend upon it:" and in another
instant I found myself in a fair way of keeping my promise more religiously
than I intended; for, glancing my eye to the right, I saw the next field
covered with the cuirassiers, some of whom were making directly for the
gap in the hedge where I was standing. I had not hitherto drawn my sword,
as it was generally to be had at a moment's warning; but, from its having
been exposed to the last night's rain, it had now got rusted in the scabbard
and refused to come forth! I was in a precious scrape. Mounted on my strong
Flanders mare, and with my good old sword in my hand, I would have braved
all the chances without a moment's hesitation; but I confess that I felt
considerable doubts as to the propriety of standing there to be sacrificed
without the means of making a scramble for it. My mind, however, was happily
relieved from such an embarrassing consideration before my decision was
required; for the next moment the cuirassiers were charged by our household
brigade, and, the infantry in our front giving way at the same time under
our terrific shower of musketry, the flying cuirassiers tumbled in among
the routed infantry, followed by the lifeguards, who were cutting away
in all directions. Hundreds of the infantry threw themselves down and pretended
to be dead, while the cavalry galloped over them, and then got up and ran
away. I never saw such a scene in all my life.
Lord Wellington had given orders that the troops
were on no account to leave the position to follow up any temporary advantage,
so that we now resumed our post as we stood at the commencement of the
battle, and with three companies again advanced on the knoll.
I was told it was very ridiculous at that moment
to see the number of vacant spots that were left nearly along the whole
of the line, where a great part of the dark-dressed foreign troops had
stood, intermixed with the British, when the action began.
Our division got considerably reduced in numbers
during the last attack; but Lord Wellington's fostering hand sent Sir John
Lambert to our support with the sixth division and we now stood prepared
for another and a more desperate struggle.
Our battalion had already lost three officers killed
and six or seven wounded; among the latter were Sir Andrew Barnard and
Colonel Cameron.
Someone asking me what had become of my horse's
ear was the first intimation I had of his being wounded; and I now found
that, independent of one ear having been shaved close to his head, (I suppose
by a cannon-shot) a musket-ball had grazed across his forehead and another
gone through one of his legs, but he did not seem much the worse for either
of them.
Between two and three o'clock we were tolerably
quiet, except from a thundering cannonade; and the enemy had by that time
got the range of our position so accurately that every shot brought a ticket
for somebody's head.
An occasional gun beyond the plain far to our left
marked the approach of the Prussians; but their progress was too slow to
afford a hope of their arriving in time to take any share in the battle.
On our right the roar of cannon and musketry had been incessant from
the time of its commencement; but the higher ground near us prevented our
seeing anything of what was going on.
Between three and four o'clock the storm gathered
again in our front. Our three companies on the knoll were soon involved
in a furious fire. The Germans occupying La Haye Sainte expended all their
ammunition and fled from the post. The French took possession of it, and,
as it flanked our knoll, we were obliged to abandon it also, and fall back
again behind the hedge.
The loss of La Haye Sainte was of the most serious
consequence, as it afforded the enemy an establishment within our position.
They immediately brought up two guns on our side of it, and began serving
out some grape to us; but they were so very near that we destroyed their
artillerymen before they could give us a second round.
The silencing of these guns was succeeded by a very
extraordinary scene on the same spot. A strong regiment of Hanoverians
advanced in line to charge the enemy out of La Haye Sainte, but they were
themselves charged by a brigade of cuirassiers, and, excepting one officer
on a little black horse, who went off to the rear like a shot out of a
shovel, I do believe that every man of them was put to death in about five
seconds. A brigade of British light dragoons advanced to their relief,
and a few on each side began exchanging thrusts; but it seemed likely to
be a drawn battle between them, without much harm being done, when our
men brought it to a crisis sooner than either side anticipated, for they
previously had their rifles eagerly pointed at the cuirassiers with a view
of saving the perishing Hanoverians; but the fear of killing their friends
withheld them until the others were utterly overwhelmed, when they instantly
opened a terrific fire on the whole concern, sending both sides to flight;
so that, on the small space of ground within a hundred yards of us, where
five thousand men had been fighting the instant before, there was not now
a living soul to be seen.
It made me mad to see the cuirassiers, in their
retreat, stooping and stabbing at our wounded men as they lay on the ground.
How I wished that I had been blessed with omnipotent power for a moment
that I might have blighted them!
The same field continued to be a wild one the whole
of the afternoon. It was a sort of duelling-post between the two armies,
every half-hour showing a meeting of some kind upon it; but they never
exceeded a short scramble, for men's lives were held very cheap there.
For the two or three succeeding hours there was
no variety with us, but one continued blaze of musketry. The smoke hung
so thick about that, although not more than eighty yards asunder, we could
only distinguish each other by the flashes of the pieces.
A good many of our guns had been disabled, and a
great many more rendered unserviceable in consequence of the unprecedented
close fighting; for in several places where they had been posted but a
very few yards in front of the line it was impossible to work them.
I shall never forget the scene which the field of battle
presented about seven in the evening. I felt weary and worn out, less from
fatigue than anxiety. Our division, which had stood upwards of five thousand
men at the commencement of the battle, had gradually dwindled down into
a solitary line of skirmishers. The twenty-seventh regiment were lying
literally dead, in square, a few yards behind us. My horse had received
another shot through the leg, and one through the flap of the saddle, which
lodged in his body, sending him a step beyond the pension list. The smoke
still hung so thick about us that we could see nothing. I walked a little
way to each flank to endeavour to get a glimpse of what was going on, but
nothing met my eye except the mangled remains of men and horses, and I
was obliged to return to my post as wise as I went.
I had never yet heard of a battle in which everybody
was killed, but this seemed likely to be an exception, as all were going
by turns. We got excessively impatient under the tame similitude of the
latter part of the process, and burned with desire to have a last thrust
at our respective vis-à-vis; for, however desperate our affairs
were, we had still the satisfaction of seeing that theirs were worse. Sir
John Lambert continued to stand as our support at the head of three good
old regiments, one dead (the twenty-seventh) and two living ones; and we
took the liberty of soliciting him to aid our views; but the Duke's orders
on that head were so very particular that the gallant general had no choice.
Presently a cheer, which we knew to be British,
commenced far to the right, and made every one prick up his ears; — it
was Lord Wellington's long-wished-for orders to advance; it gradually approached,
growing louder as it grew near; — we took it up by instinct, charged through
the hedge down upon the old knoll, sending our adversaries flying at the
point of the bayonet. Lord Wellington galloped up to us at the instant,
and our men began to cheer him; but he called out, "No cheering, my lads,
but forward, and complete your victory!"
This movement had carried us clear of the smoke;
and, to people who had been for so many hours enveloped in darkness in
the midst of destruction and naturally anxious about the result of the
day, the scene which now met the eye conveyed a feeling of more exquisite
gratification than can be conceived. It was a fine summer's evening just
before sunset. The French were flying in one confused mass. British lines
were seen in close pursuit, and in admirable order, as far as the eye could
reach to the right, while the plain to the left was filled with Prussians.
The enemy made one last attempt at a stand on the rising ground to our
right of La Belle Alliance; but a charge from General Adams's brigade again
threw them into a state of confusion, which was now inextricable, and their
ruin was complete. Artillery, baggage, and everything belonging to them,
fell into our hands. After pursuing them until dark, we halted about two
miles beyond the field of battle, leaving the Prussians to follow up the
victory.
This was the last, the greatest, and the most uncomfortable
heap of glory that I ever had a hand in, and may the deuce take me if I
think that everybody waited there to see the end of it, otherwise it never
could have been so troublesome to those who did. We were, take us all in
all, a very bad army. Our foreign auxiliaries, who constituted more than
half of our numerical strength, with some exceptions, were little better
than a raw militia—a body without a soul, or like an inflated pillow that
gives to the touch and resumes its shape again when the pressure ceases—not
to mention the many who went clear out of the field, and were only seen
while plundering our baggage in their retreat.
Our heavy cavalry made some brilliant charges in
the early part of the day; but they never knew when to stop, their ardour
in following their advantages carrying them headlong on, until many of
them "burnt their fingers" and got dispersed or destroyed.
Of that gallant corps, the Royal Artillery, it is
enough to say that they maintained their former reputation—the first in
the world—and it was a serious loss to us, in the latter part of the day,
to be deprived of this more powerful cooperation from the causes already
mentioned.
The British infantry and the King's German Legion
continued the inflexible supporters of their country's honour throughout,
and their unshaken constancy under the most desperate circumstances showed
that, though they might be destroyed, they were not to be beaten.
If Lord Wellington had been at the head of his old
Peninsula army, I am confident that he would have swept his opponents off
the face of the earth immediately after their first attack; but with such
a heterogeneous mixture under his command, he was obliged to submit to
a longer day.
It will ever be a matter of dispute what the result
of that day would have been without the arrival of the Prussians: but it
is clear to me that Lord Wellington would not have fought at Waterloo unless
Blucher had promised to aid him with 30,000 men, as he required that number
to put him on a numerical footing with his adversary. It is certain that
the promised aid did not come in time to take any share whatever in the
battle. It is equally certain that the enemy had, long before, been beaten
into a mass of ruin, in condition for nothing but running, and wanting
but an apology to do it; and I will ever maintain that Lord Wellington's
last advance would have made it the same victory had a Prussian never been
seen there.
The field of battle next morning presented a frightful
scene of carnage; it seemed as if the world had tumbled to pieces and three-fourths
of everything destroyed in the wreck. The ground running parallel to the
front of where we had stood was so thickly strewed with fallen men and
horses that it was difficult to step clear of their bodies, many of the
former still alive and imploring assistance, which it was not in our power
to bestow.
The usual salutation on meeting an acquaintance
of another regiment after an action was to ask who had been hit, but on
this occasion it was "Who's alive?" Meeting one next morning, a very little
fellow, I asked what had happened to them yesterday? "I'll be hanged,"
says he, "if I know any thing at all about the matter, for I was all day
trodden in the mud and galloped over by every scoundrel who had a horse;
and, in short, that I only owe my existence to my insignificance."
Two of our men, on the morning of the 19th, lost
their lives by a very melancholy accident. They were cutting up a captured
ammunition-waggon for firewood when one of their swords striking against
a nail, sent a spark among the powder. When I looked in the direction of
the explosion I saw the two poor fellows about twenty or thirty feet up
in the air. On falling to the ground, though lying on their backs or bellies,
some extraordinary effort of nature, caused by the agony of the moment,
made them spring from that position, five or six times, to the height of
eight or ten feet, just as a fish does when thrown on the ground after
being newly caught. It was so unlike a scene in real life that it was impossible
to witness it without forgetting, for a moment, the horror of their situation.
I ran to the spot along with others, and found that
every stitch of clothes had been burnt off and they were black as ink all
over. They were still alive and told us their names, otherwise we could
not have recognized them; and, singular enough, they were able to walk
off the ground with a little support, but died shortly after.
Among other officers who fell at Waterloo, we lost
one of the wildest youths that ever belonged to the service. He seemed
to have a prophetic notion of his approaching end, for he repeatedly told
us in the early part of the morning that he knew the devil would have him
before night. I shall relate one anecdote of him, which occurred while
we were in Spain. He went, by chance, to pass the day with two officers
quartered at a neighbouring village, who happened to be, that day, engaged
to dine with the clergyman. Knowing their visitor's mischievous propensities,
they were at first afraid to make him one of the party; but, after schooling
him into a suitable propriety of behaviour and exacting a promise of implicit
obedience, they at last ventured to take him. On their arrival the ceremony
of introduction had just been gone through, and their host seated at an
open window, when a favourite cat of his went purring about the young gentleman's
boots, who, catching it by the tail, and giving it two or three preparatory
swings round his head, sent it flying out at the window where the parson
was sitting, who only escaped it by suddenly stooping. The only apology
the youngster made for his conduct was, "Egad, I think I astonished that
fellow!" but whether it was the cat or the parson he meant I never could
learn.
About twelve o'clock on the day after the battle
we commenced our march for Paris. I shall, therefore, leave my readers
at Waterloo, in the hope that, among the many stories of romance to which
that and the other celebrated fields gave birth, the foregoing unsophisticated
one of an eye-witness may not have been found altogether uninteresting.
THE END.