Although I am presenting this chapter in HTML format, I have retained the pagenation. The pages are separated by horizontal lines and the number of each page appears at the top of the page.

The Regimental  Secretary
The Royal Artillery Institution
Artillery House
Front Parade
R A Barracks
Woolwich, London SE 18 4BH

        [NOTE. Chapters I, II, and III, were published as pamphlets, as here shown :—

Chapter I. (1808). H. Rees, Ltd., 1908. pp. 1-16.
      "     II. (1808-9).     "        "        "     pp. 17-70. map. ports.
      "    III. (1809). R.A. Institution, Woolwich, 1912. pp. 71-100.
Copies of these chapters are still available at the R.A. Institution.]

    The chief "events" of the war in 1810, in which the Royal Regiment of Artillery took part, were the

Vol. LI. No. 5.

    The only unit which was present was -A- Troop, R.H.A.
   1st Lieutenant D. M. Bourchier, of Captain F. Glubb’s Company, 5th battalion, was also present, though it is not clear in what capacity.
    Ross, in his description of the action, wrote: —
        "General Craufurd ordered a retreat. Lieutenant Bourchier of the Artillery, brought me the order."

        "One waggon was overset, but by the exertions of McDonald and Bourchier, it was got safe off."

    The following table shows the R.A. Staff, Troops and Companies which were present.
        Brigadier-General E. Howorth,¹ Commanding.
        Lieut.-Colonel H. Framingham.¹
        Lieut-Colonel W. Robe.¹
        1st Lieut. the Hon. W. Arbuthnott,² Adjutant to Lieut.Colonel H. Framingham.
        1st Lieut. L. Woodyear, Adjutant to Lieut.-Colonel W. Robe.

    An excellent account of the battle, by Sir Charles Oman, appeared in Vol. 33 of the Journal of the R.A.—page 508—with map.

    The British Artillery, in and about Cadiz, consisted of 6 Companies (see page 246) which were under the command of Major Alexander Duncan who had arrived in Cadiz on 31 March, 1810.
    Cadiz, at this time, was being besieged by the French. Fort Matagorda on the East (inner) side of the harbour was held by the French, having been evacuated by the Allies at the end of April.
    Letters referring to artillery affairs at Cadiz are to be found in the Public Record Office (W.O. 55/1195-7), mostly from Duncan to the Deputy Adjutant General, R.A.
    The position of affairs at Cadiz was not encouraging. Duncan wrote on 4 April :—
    "I have been directed by General Graham¹ on my return from viewing the defences of the island of Leon, to report on the quantity of Artillery required for its defence, at the same time informing me, that he had already made a demand for four Brigades of Light Artillery Complete, and one Troop of Horse Artillery. Such a force of Artillery would certainly be of the utmost Service considering the great want of Field Artillery in the Spanish Army here. I am at the same time perfectly aware of the difficulty of procuring so great a supply from England, and should the Island be lost before its arrival, they would then be no longer of any use in the Defence of Cadiz. We are at present entirely without the means of acting with a Light 6 pounder Brigade, that was sent here from Lisbon, in consequence of the want of Horses. There are also two 3 pounder Brigades (English) belonging to the junta. Captain Owen² gave a receipt for one of them, in hopes of being able to act, as Mules were promised, but as no such promise has been kept, the Brigade remains useless. The Great reason for the General being so anxious for a large proportion of Field Artillery is the total want of that arm in the Spanish Army, as I have already mentioned. What can be sent from England, I take the liberty of saying must be complete in Horses, Drivers and Camp equipage, and I fear we must in a great measure, if not entirely, depend on England for Forage; there is some idea of Constructing redoubts on or near the river St. Pietro. In that case a few Medium 12 pounders would

be of great Service, at least twelve. 1 understand from General Graham that a large proportion of heavy Guns are on their way. I cannot conclude without informing you that the difficulties we meet with here, in the Ordnance Department particularly, are far beyond any conception."
    During the year much progress was made with the erection and arming of redoubts in the outlying defences of Isla de Leon, despite the fact that scarcely any assistance was received from the Spaniards.
    In a letter dated 25 April, 1810, Duncan expresses a hope that "the Spaniards will be more active than hitherto, in erecting batteries. Instead of exertions from them, we obtain nothing but conversation . . . . . The town is full of men doing nothing."
    On 5 July he reported that "The redoubts are far advanced" and on 22 August that "The redoubts at Isla are in much forwardness and will require 150 pieces of ordnance."
    However, the French met with no success and no "affair" or "combat" in these parts has to be recorded—nothing except desultory firing from the Allied works against Matagorda Fort and the redoubts in its vicinity.

    A detachment under the command of 1st Lieutenant W. F. Lindsay, R.A., with an equipment of Congreve’s Rockets, reached Lisbon in November, 1810.
    The following extract from a letter dated 9 October, 1810 (P.R.O., W.O. 55/1201, p. 134), from the D.A.G’s Office, Woolwich, to Brig-General E. Howorth, C.R.A. in Portugal, explains the situation.
    "In the absence of Major General Macleod, I have to inform you that Lieut. Lindsay, two Non Commissioned Officers and twelve Gunners, are embarked in the Charlotte, Transport (105), for Lisbon, in charge of an Equipment of Congreve’s Rockets. The Master-General having approved of their being employed on this Service, you will be pleased to afford Lieut. Lindsay such farther aid as may be requisite, and in your power."
    Wellington (Dispatches. Vol. VI. Letters dated 3 and 6 November, 1810), had no especial liking for these rockets. Santarem

---

THE TOWN OF SANTAREM AS SEEN FROM THE SOUTH BANK OF THE TAGUS.
(From a coloured print published in London, by Edward Orme, in March 1811.
 The Tagus is about 55 yards wide at this point.)

[Click on the image to view it at the original, published size.]

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243

N. Bank of the Tagus, occupied by the French, was "rocketed" ¹ by Lindsay’s detachment on 16 November.² The rockets were fired from the S. bank, across the river.
    Major Alexander Dickson, R.A., at this time serving in the Portuguese Artillery, in a letter dated 29 November, 1810, at "Escaropim, 3 leagues below Santarem," wrote to Major-General J. Macleod, R.A., at Woolwich:—
    "I have at this moment in my quarter Lieut. Lindsay, who is on his march to Lisbon with his rocket apparatus which he has been trying against Santarem. From what I can learn he only fired a few of the carcass rockets, and without much apparent effect, except putting to the route a large convoy of baggage, marching towards Golegam, amongst whom a rocket fell." (The Dickson Manuscripts. Series "C." pp. 303-4.)

    Officers of the Royal Artillery serving in the Peninsula in 1810, whose names are given in the Monthly Returns, but who did not belong to any Troop, or Company, shown on pp. 246-7.

Lieutenant Colonel George Bulteel Fisher.
Major Thomas Downman. Reached Lisbon on 23 October, 1810, see letter from him
    dated 26 October, 1810, in Public Record Office, W.O. 55/1195. He returned to
    England on 21 December, 1810, on two months’ leave.
Major Alexander Duncan. Reached Cadiz from England on 31 March, 1810.
Captain Richard Henry Birch. In command of a Company of the 10th Battalion,
    R.A., which left England on 27 February, and reached Gibraltar on 4 April, 1810.
    Birch, however, went out to Cadiz in the transport Alert, with Dickson’s Company,
    10th Battalion, and remained there in command of it until October, 1812, Dickson,
    during this period serving in the Portuguese army.

2nd Captain Charles Tyler. Belonged to Birch’s Company, 10th Battalion, R.A., He also went out in the transport Alert, with Dickson’s Company, reaching Cadiz on 1 April, 1810, and there remained attached to it for duty. He went to England on sick leave in June.
 

1. The "Dickson" Manuscripts. Series "C." Chapter 11. The R.A. Institution,
    Woolwich. 1907.

2. From Coruñ a to Sebastopol. The history of "C" Battery, R.H.A. By Colonel F. A.
    Whinyates. 2nd edition. W. H. Allen & Co. 1893.
        Note. A detailed account of the services of "D" Troop, R.H.A., from 1810 to 1816,
            is given in Chapter IV—pp. 55-68.
3. Diary of Lieutenant W. B. Ingilby (Lawson’s Company, 8th Battalion), R.A., in the
    Peninsular War. I810-14. Proceedings, R.A. Institution. Vol. XX, pp. 241-262.
4. Memoir of Major Henry Bowyer Lane (in Thompson’s Company, 7th Battalion), R.A.
    By his son, Major F. W. Bowyer Lane, late 67th Regiment. J. H. Clark. Usk. 1883.
5. Memoir of Field Marshal Sir Hew Dalrymple Ross, G.C.B. ("A" Troop, R.H.A.).
    The Royal Artillery Institution, Woolwich. 1871. Pages 10-12 refer to the "Coa" and "Busaco."
6. History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery. By Major F. Duncan. Vol. II. Chapter XVI.
    John Murray. 1879. 3rd edition. 2 vols.
7. Records of the Royal Horse Artillery. By Lieut.-Colonel J. E. Mitchell. W. Mitchell & Co.
    1888. 2nd edition.

Documents, etc., in the Public Record Office, Chancery Lane, London.
 

These two pages contain two double-width tables.  Please click here to view them.  They will appear in a new browser so that you can flip-flow between that browser and this one because page 248, just below this text, contains the footnotes that correspond to the tables.

¹    Gold medal (or clasp) for Busaco—7 awarded to R.A.
²    Silver medal with clasp for Busaco—13 awarded to R.A.
³    Embarked at Portsmouth on 12 February : half the Troop reached Lisbon in March,
      but the other half, owing to bad weather, was nearly lost at sea, and did not arrive until
      May. The Troop was reduced in 1816. Reformed in 1900, as "V" Battery, R.H.A.
⁴   "D" Troop was in Lisbon, being refitted after its disastrous voyage from England.
      Whinyates, Carter and Dunn were doing duty with "A" and "I" Troops.
⁵    Brigade Major, R.A.
⁶    Commanding a regiment in the Spanish Army with rank of Lieut-Colonel. Went to
      England on 11 November, 1810.
⁷    In England. Promoted on 22 January.
⁸    Arrived from Gibraltar in February.
⁹    Embarked at Plymouth, 30 September, 1810, in the transport Eliza, reaching Lisbon on
      19 Oct. and disembarking on the 23rd.
¹⁰   "On command," with the Army.
¹¹   Died at Castello Branco, in Portugal, 30 August, 1810, being then attached for duty to
       Captain G. Thompson’s Company, 7th Battalion.
¹²   Embarked at Portsmouth on 2 January; reached Lisbon on the 29th, and disembarked
       on the 331st. Re-embarking on 7 February it proceeded to Cadiz, where it
       disembarked on the 10th. See Captain Owen’s letter, dated at Cadiz, 13 February,
       1810. P.R.O., W.O. 55/1195, p. 7.
¹³   Joined the Company at Cadiz in April.
¹⁴   Joined the Company in June, 1810, from England.
¹⁵   Sick-leave to England, March to September.
¹⁶   Joined the Company in September, vice Mercier, who had remained in England.
¹⁷   In Paris, a prisoner of War. Wounded at the Battle of Talavera, 27 July, 1809,
       and taken prisoner.
¹⁸   Joined the Company from England in August, vice Taylor, struck off the strength.
¹⁹     Joined the Company from England, 25 September.
²⁰     Embarked in the Thetis transport, on 30 September, 1810. Reached Lisbon on
       19 October and disembarked on the 23rd.

²¹     In the East Indies.
²²     Embarked in January and reached Lisbon early in February. Proceeded thence by sea
       to Cadiz, disembarking there on the 6th.
²³     Embarked at Gravesend on 27 February, 1810 (4 Officers and 112 other ranks),
       disembarking at Cadiz on 1 April.
²⁴     Remained in England, then being A.D.C. to Lieut-General the Earl of Chatham.
       Transferred to 3rd Battalion, 1 June, 1810.
²⁵     To England on sick leave, 22 August, 1810. Left England on 13 November and did not
       reach Cadiz until 4 April, 1811, having been 76 days on shore at Lisbon, en route.
²⁶   Embarked at Cadiz for Portugal, 10 September, 1810, and was lost at sea on
       26 February, 1811, while on passage from Portugal to England.
²⁷     Joined the Company at Cadiz on 31 May, 1810, from the 3rd Battalion. Prior to his
       arrival, 2nd Captain H. Light had been doing duty with this Company. He belonged
       to Reynell’s Company, 5th Battalion, stationed at Malta, and was on his way from
       England to join it. He left Cadiz for Malta in June, 1810.
²⁸     Embarked at Woolwich in the Alert transport, No 140, on 26 February, 1810,
       disembarking at Cadiz on 1 April.
²⁹     Serving in the Portuguese Army with the rank of Major. Captain Richard Henry Birch,
       10th Battalion, R.A., was attached to and in command of Dickson’s Company, until
       October. 1812. when he joined his own Company at Gibraltar.
³⁰     Joined the Company at Cadiz on 31 May, 1810.
³¹   1st Lieutenant Henry Pester, of Captain G. Dodd’s Company, 2nd Battalion, R.A.,
       came out with Dickson’s Company in the Alert transport, and was attached to it for
       duty until W. A. Raynes joined in June.
³²     Died at Cadiz, 26 October, 1810.
³³     This Company was disbanded on 4 December, 1919, then being No. 60 Company,
       R.G.A. Its records, history, etc., were taken over by 22nd (M) Batt. 22nd (M) Batt.
       converted into 16th Pack Batt., R.G.A., 1.3.21.
³⁴    About 6 miles below Santarem—N. bank of Tagus.
³⁵    About 13 miles, N.N.W., from Lisbon, towards Torres Vedras.